近些年來，隨著我國居民住宅建設(shè)的迅速發(fā)展，城市樓房所用電能表的數(shù)量也日益增多，F(xiàn)行建筑電氣設(shè)計常將單塊電能表集中掛成一面“表墻”，體積較大，維護管理不便[1]。如在智能小區(qū)、學(xué)生公寓等場所，分戶計量時每層需安裝多塊電表，
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給施工、抄表、控制等帶來諸多困難。本文設(shè)計出一種計量精度高、功能全、性能可靠的多回路電能管理終端，并已經(jīng)在實際中應(yīng)用中得到了肯定。
1 功能介紹：
本文設(shè)計的多回路電能管理終端的主要包括以下功能：
計量：可計量每個回路的尖、峰、平、谷各時段的電能及總電能，精度為1級。
檢測：實時檢測各回路的相電壓、有功功率、無功功率、功率因數(shù)、電壓頻率等。
設(shè)置：可以自由設(shè)置復(fù)費率的時段、時間及通訊參數(shù)。
顯示：實時顯示各回路的用電量。
通信：通過RS485接口進行遠程抄表，可支持Modbus與DL/T 645-2007協(xié)議。
2 設(shè)計方案
本終端的設(shè)計包括硬件設(shè)計與軟件設(shè)計兩個部分。
2.1硬件設(shè)計
主控部分硬件包括：MCU、LED數(shù)碼顯示、時鐘電路、RS485通訊、按鍵輸入。其中，顯示界面采用的是LED數(shù)碼管，用戶可以通過輪顯顯示來了解當(dāng)前的使用電量和剩余電量；通訊采用兩路RS485，一路為主控模塊與電腦、通訊管理機等設(shè)備之間的通訊，另外一路為主控模塊與計量模塊之間的通訊。
計量部分硬件包括：計量芯片、鐵電存儲、磁保持控制電路、有功脈沖輸出、信號輸入。其中，計量芯片對電壓、電流信號分別進行采集，并將有功電能數(shù)據(jù)存儲至鐵電中，用于后續(xù)數(shù)據(jù)的查看、對比。每個計量部分和主控部分之間采用RS485通訊，以進行數(shù)據(jù)處理和控制。多回路計量終端采集到的電能最終會存儲至鐵電中。具體的硬件處理流程如圖1所示。
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 4-Channel Motor Control 261408 working
KLA TENCOR IMAGE DATA STORAGE SYSTEM 710-612545-004/?AA
KLA-Tencor GSI Lumonics X-Y Scanner PCB CCA-10069 Pair
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KLA-Tencor High Voltage Control Module 52-1081
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KLA-Tencor AIT 2 MMD Analog Board 565040 working
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KLA/Tencor/Toky?o Electron VIP Card Board TEL
KLA Tencor Camera Timer 710-714647-00
GSI Lumonics KLA-Tencor Quantox Board CCA-10069
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KLA-Tencor SM300 Monochromator 58-0834
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KLA-Tencor Programmable Assembly 20009243A
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KLA-Tencor 64060 Distribution Module working
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KLA-Tencor DC Power Supply 0057847-000 working
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KLA-Tencor Quantox GSI Scanner PCB 3002004 working
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KLA-Tencor AIT 2 PSF Driver Board 556661 working
KLA-Tencor M1 Mounted Assy, L7, NNC, AIT3 556556 New
KLA-Tencor 8100 200mm XY Stage 780-10480-001 working
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 Illumination Board 556700 working
KLA-Tencor O/S Actuator Elevator 720-01488-003 Untested
KLA-Tencor Retrofit Optics Beamsplitter 0099602-001 New
KLA-Tencor CIP2 SE Head Replacement 0115724-001 Bad
KLA-Tencor Rotary Transfer Arm 720-07360-000
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KLA-Tencor NGP, SP2 Mask Changer Assembly 0053106-002
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KLA-Tencor SLX Preamp Assy. 775-334268-001 untested
KLA-Tencor LW Obl Line Form Flexure 0079640-002 Used
KLA-Tencor 29-0259 Tropel 1X Lens Untested
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KLA-Tencor Shipping Energy Filter Assmbly 720-12647-002
KLA-Tencor 370-21860-001 Pwr Arcts Power Supply PS-1122
KLA-Tencor CRS 2000 Optical Module 3008528 working
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KLA-Tencor 780-08568-000 Pac Sci Piezo Controller P-265
KLA-Tencor Aperture Heated Rod 781-23234-002 Used
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 Front Collector Assy. 0032131-001
KLA-Tencor Laser Mod 0124593-000 New
KLA-Tencor Lower Octopole/Wein Lens 780-14108-000
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 Rear Collector Assy. 0032129-000
NEAT 330UP Motion Controller KLA-Tencor CRS1010
KLA-Tencor Optics RF Bench Assy. 740-058089-00 untested
KLA-Tencor Transfer Arm Motor 400-08157-001 untested
KLA-Tencor Newport AIT3 Mask Changer 556190 New
KLA-Tencor Laser Servo Detector 0062032-000 Refurbished
KLA-Tencor Newport AIT3 Mounted Assy L6, NNC 556513 New
KLA-Tencor Aperture Heated Rod 781-23234-001 Used
KLA-Tencor Sharp 15 LCD Monitor 0095643-000 Used
KLA-Tencor Mark II Right Top Plate 740-680567-000 New
KLA-Tencor M1 3XX-I Active Mirror 760-321700-001 New
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 Timing Generator Board 0053946-000
KLA-Tencor 0092173-001 Hamamtsu L9519-01 D2 HB Lamp New
KLA-Tencor Lower Octopole/Wein Lens 780-14108-000
KLA-Tencor 5200 Dual Aperture Assy 720-470028-00 Used
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KLA-Tencor Newport NNC, AIT3, XP Polarizer 0044232-001
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KLA-Tencor MGF2 Analyzer Assembly 0045755-000
OAC PRECISION CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR / RF DRIVER KLA TENCOR
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KLA-Tencor Nikon Box Door Opener 750-059211-001 New
KLA-Tencor Ref. Light Preamp 775-322364-000 untested
KLA-Tencor AIT APS Tower/Center Block 0071149-001 Used
KLA-Tencor Cannon Box Magazine Assembly 740-060658-001
KLA-Tencor AIT Rear Collector Assy. 0074307-000 working
KLA-Tencor AIT UV Laser Servo Detector 0099586-001 New
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KLA-Tencor CRS-1010S DC Power Supply working
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KLA-Tencor CRS1010 Laser Power Board 000327
KLA-Tencor CRS 2000 Mirror Assembly working
KLA-Tencor Newport AIT2 Air Slit Assembly 393215 New
KLA-Tencor 10KV Floodgun Assembly 720-23189-000
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 MMD Power Unit 0038216-001 working
KLA-Tencor AIT Laser Servo Detector Assy. 0099586-000
KLA-Tencor 5300 AMS Assembly 720-480036-003 untested
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